Tuesday, June 2, 2015

Performance Appraisal - A New Perspective



Performance appraisal is that occasion when once a year you find out who claims sovereignty over you.
-Peter Block

Organizations are run and steered by people. It is through people that goals are set and objectives realized. The performance of an organization is thus dependent upon the sum total of the performance of its members. The success of an organization will therefore depend on its ability to measure accurately the performance of its members and use it objectively to optimize them as a vital resource. The performance of an employee is his resultant behavior on task which can be observed and evaluated. It refers to the contribution made by an individual in the accomplishment of organizational objectives. Performance can be measured by some combination of quantity, quality, time and cost.

Performance appraisals are essential for the effective management and evaluation of the staff. Formal performance appraisal is generally conducted annually for all staff in the organization. The annual performance review is essential to present an undistorted image of an employee’s work. Each employee is appraised by their line manager. Directors are appraised by the CEO’s, who is appraised by the chairman or company owners.

Performance Appraisal (PA) refers to all those procedures that are used to evaluate the personality, the performance and the potential of its group members.  Performance appraisal system provides management an opportunity to recall as well as feedback to people as to how they are doing, so that they can correct their mistakes and acquire new skills. It is a method by which the job performance of an employee is evaluated (generally in terms of quantity, quality, cost and time) by the corresponding manager or supervisor. It is the process of obtaining, analyzing and recording information about the relative worth of an employee to the organization.

There exists different approaches  for appraising an employee. Employees can be appraised against an absolute standard, relative standard, managed by objectives or 360 degree appraisal system/feedback. Thus, there are various appraisal processes in different organizations. Nevertheless, it is not the appraisal template or the type of appraisal methodology that determines whether actual performance is getting measured, but how the process is run.

The major objectives of Performance Appraisal are:
• Performance appraisal provides a basis for promotion, transfer or termination.
• It aids in enhancing employee’s effectiveness by helping him to identify his strengths and weaknesses and informing him as to what performance is expected from him.
• It helps in identifying employee’s training and development needs.
• It aids in designing training and development programs.
• Performance appraisal helps employees internalize the norms and values of the organization by correcting the misconceptions which might result in work alienation.
• It helps in creating a positive and healthy climate in the organization.
• It aids in improving the relations between superior-subordinate through realization that each is dependent on the other for better performance and success.
• Performance appraisal can in development of scientific basis for reward allocation, wage fixation, raises incentives etc.
• It also provides a means for exercising control.
• It serves as a mechanism for communication between superiors and subordinates.

The most important use of performance-evaluation data is to provide feedback about the employee’s strengths and weaknesses so that further training can be implemented.  This kind of evaluation is best done by holding a formal review interview. In such  “Tell” and “Sell” approach of performance appraisal interview, a supervisor “Tells” an employee everything she has done ineffectively and then “Sells” her on the ways she can improve.
Certain techniques can be used to make the interview more effective. 
It includes:

1. Allocating Time: The supervisor and the employee must have time to prepare for the review interview. Allocating definite time helps both the parties in being ready to face the interview.

2. Scheduling the Interview: Performance appraisal review interviews should be scheduled at least once in six months. The interview location should be in a neutral place that ensures privacy.

3. Preparing for the Interview: While preparing for the interview, both the supervisor and the employee should review the ratings that are ascribed. The reasons for ascribing the ratings should be specified so that quality feedback could be given.

4. The Interview: The review process is best begun by initiating a small talk until both the parties feel less anxious. It is a good idea to begin the interview with the employee communicating the ratings ascribed by him or her and specifying the reasons for the same. Then the supervisor communicates the ratings ascribed by him folowed by its reasons and explanations. This communication should be restricted to the performance and the behavior of the employee and not target the traits of possessed or not possessed by the employee. During the interview the positive review should be given first followed by a negative feedback and finishing with more positive feedback. This technique is referred to as the “Feedback Sandwich”. Any major discrepancies in the ratings should be discussed till both understand the reasons for the same. Conflicts should be avoided by libral  usage of positive feedback. The employee might receive poor ratings which may be due to the presence of external forces. Awareness and acknowledgement of such factors avoids attribution errors by the employee and the supervisor. Once the problems have been identified the solutions for the same are to be chalked out. 

As a conclusion, the goals should to be mutually set for future performance appraisal and both the parties should understand how these goals will be accomplished.

Article Contributed by :
Mrs. Sharmin Palsetia
Asst. Professor, Department of Psychology,
Nowrosjee Wadia College, Pune.


This article was published in the  Calibre Creators LEARNING LETTER issue of June 2015, Vol. 3, Issue No.10.  
 

To  view and download the previous issues, please visit www.calibrecreators.com.

 

Or you can simply send us a mail to sarfaraz.calibrecreators@gmail.com to request your copy and receive the issue regularly. 






 

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Write to Calibre Creators to resolve all your education and career related queries.  Please visit www.calibrecreators.com/contact-usThere are no charges for this service.  Make extensive use of the service.  All queries are responded within 24 hours.

Monday, June 1, 2015

Exclusive Interview with Ms. Shama Patel, Author of "21 Ways of Being Happy"




This month, Calibre Creators met up with Shama Patel, from Pune for an interesting chat about her latest work, in addition to a prolific profile of being an author as well as a Psychologist and an Artist.  She serves as a inspiration to the youth as we feel that there is a lot to learn from her, in terms of following a profession, pursuing one’s passion and sharing her knowledge with people to spread happiness.  Shama is based at Pune and is currently promoting her book across various cities, viz. Pune, Bangalore, Mumbai.  Read on.....


Brief Bio:

Shama Patel is a Psychologist and an Author of a recently launched book titled ’21 Ways of Being Happy’. She is an empathetic soul with a creative mind and a beautiful heart which has touched the lives of many young adults, couples, senior citizens and several others who she has met in her journey of life. She has also helped various alcoholics, drug addicts and survivors of abuse and human trafficking in their healing process. An ardent believer in the trinity of Body, Mind and Soul, her practice and writing strongly reflects this philosophy. This altruist finds solace in sketching and her yoga practice.



Shama Patel, an Author, a Psychologist, an Artist and a Human Being who loves to be in love with her existence.


CC:    Shama, you seem to be gifted with multiple talents.  Tell our readers 
         something about them?
SP:     I perfectly fit in the term ‘jack of all trades’! I am a Psychologist, currently being an Author, a Trainer and an Artist. I definitely consider it as a blessing and love to explore all these facets of my Being. The more I discover what I am good at, the more I get in touch with these gifts and talents within. I believe that each one has this ability but most of them blame it on time and refuse to journey inward and get closer to their gifts and talents.

CC:    You are a trained Psychologist by profession.  What were the career options before you and why did you choose Psychology?
SP:     Yes. I am a trained Psychologist. I have a post-graduation degree in Marriage & Family Counselling. I chose Psychology (Arts) honestly because I am not at a Science person and Commerce (anything to do with numbers) was way out of my league. I picked Psychology because of my curiosity to know more about human behaviour. It was only when I started exploring this subject in my graduation that I started falling in love with it. It was like getting to know myself better and at the same time getting an opportunity to make a positive difference in other’s lives. There were many career options after finishing Bachelor’s degree like specializing in Clinical Psychology, Industrial Psychology, Child Psychology and so on. I had undergone a counselling session during my graduation and that’s when I decided that I want to be a Counsellor.

CC:    Your profile says that you are an Artist too and now you are an accomplished author too.  How you do juggle your time between your profession and your passion?
SP:     Ha Ha. Well! I am managing to merge my passion and profession. I love to sketch and paint. Writing and sketching is therapeutic for me. I can sit for hours at a stretch and completely lose myself in the process. When I learnt about the power of this passion and its effect on my personal growth, I decided to weave this in my profession. That was when I began to exhibit and sell my artwork and my passion for writing and psychology led me to create '21 beautiful way of being happy'.

CC:    What motivated you to write the book and how did it start?
SP:     It started when I began to maintain a personal blog where I expressed my emotional experiences and the way I dealt with them. Many people started relating to my writing then!
               
          I have been a practicing Psychologist for six years now and in those six years, I had several clients and friends who approached me to ease their mental and emotional tension. When I saw them relieved and feel less burdened after interacting with me, I became determined to reach out to a larger audience and assist them in their healing process. With that aim, I continued maintaining the blog and after couple of years, Grapevine India decided to launch a self-help genre and that’s how I got a platform to merge my experience and learning with my passion.

CC:    How many hours did you put in while writing your book?
SP:     Well it took me three months to finish the book which, if I tell people, they have hard time believing it. But those three months were like a meditative period for me. All I did in those three months was write, eat, sleep and meditate. Since I knew what I wanted to convey through this book, the creative energy kept leading me all throughout. There were days when I would just go blank (writer’s block) and I just wouldn’t know what to write. I used that time for meditation and solitude. Usually people get a subject and then do a research on it but for me, I already had six years of research and then got the subject which made the process more beautiful.
  
CC:    Tell us briefly about your book “21 Ways of Being Happy” and its basic concept?
SP:     ’21 Ways of Being Happy’ is my attempt of bringing people closer to themselves and make them fall in love with their lives. It is aimed at breaking the barriers that we all build around us which keeps peace and happiness away from our lives. It is my way of telling people how wonderful and precious their life is! The book is like a message to people saying ‘you are wonderful and precious just the way you are!’

CC:    Why are people unhappy? Or What makes people unhappy?
SP:     There are lot of reasons that lead to a state of unhappiness. I think that we all somewhere start believing that our life is incomplete without unhappiness. I have seen people create unhappiness for themselves even when they are blessed with anything and everything in life. I feel the prime reason to this is because we all accustomed to live our lives either in the past or in the future. We are never in the present moment. This juggle is what causes unhappiness in our lives. The moment we accomplish one thing, we don’t let ourselves relish that and directly jump to the ‘next thing’ that we wish to achieve in life. Another most common factor I have observed is no or lack of self-love. We abandon ourselves and begin to seek happiness outside of us in either materialistic things or in relationships.

CC:    Is it difficult to achieve a state of perpetual happiness?
SP:     To me, happiness is the ability to be in love and at peace with yourself every minute of consciousness, in whatever circumstances you experience. As human beings, we are bound to have ups and downs in life! I am a person who believes that ‘a state of perpetual happiness’ is overrated. I would rather put it as it is not required to be in a state of perpetual happiness but embrace yourself even at times when happiness seems long lost. To me, life is what is perpetual; my breath is what is perpetual and if I accept these two unconditionally, I will automatically be at peace with myself and that state of bliss is what matters – be it perpetual happiness or unhappiness.
  
CC:    What are the broad key messages that you are trying to convey to your readers through your book?
SP:     Message: Your life is beautiful! We all feel mentally, emotionally, spiritually and physically twisty within and that’s what makes us who we are! Our creation, as human beings, requires us to embrace this good and not so good part of ourselves and our lives. You are precious even when you feel imperfect and inadequate. The moment you embrace this and learn to value yourself, your life becomes a beautiful journey not just for you but also for every single person you come in contact with! You are wonderful and precious just the way you are.

CC:    Shama, what is the USP of your book and how different is it from other motivational books that purport to spread happiness and boost one’s morale?
SP:     Being a Psychologist, I have read many motivational and self-help book. With most books, I had to sit with a dictionary and read and I would feel more miserable at the end concluding how poor my language is! What would add to the misery was the way the writer glorified himself / herself as someone who’s got it all and I as a reader would feel that I can never get there. I wanted to redefine this whole concept of self-help and thus, I focused more on make this book as light (in language and writing style) as possible. Also, what I observed was how most of these self-help books started with ‘lack’ and then talked about ways to overcome what is labelled as ‘bad or inadequate’ in you. I wanted to create a book that starts with ‘abundance’ and communicate the means of embracing the whole of you – good, not good, bold, not bold, creative, not creative, intelligent, not intelligent – whatever you are, you are your person! This way, making the readers fall in love with themselves rather than focusing on one area of their life that deems unfit as per social and moral standards.

          I would like to quote here what this book review said about 21WOBH being different “This book, unlike other self-help books, hasn't been written in the patronizing or sermonizing manner, you know, the kind of books where the author glorifies himself/herself much to the readers' misery. This book is such a good respite from those pseudo-self-help books, for the author takes it upon herself to be the example. Now, the whole point of such books is to make the reader feel better by telling her that she is not alone, and that the person who is helping her recuperates has experienced the same things, and made some mistakes, but has learnt from them nevertheless.” 

          Apart from this, I have also included caricatures in it which makes the readers feel 
          light and happy.

          It is a book through which I connect and have a conversation with the readers. It is as if you are sitting with a confidant (book) and having an unsaid dialogue with her.

CC:     Shama, what next after this book? What are you working on and what can we
          expect?
SP:     I have signed a contract of seven books with Grapevine India. Next book will most likely be on ‘relationships’.  I will start working on it once I am done marketing ’21 Ways of Being Happy'

Dear Readers, Below is an excerpt from Shama’s Book – “21 Ways of Being Happy” for the benefit of our readers.

Excerpt

Excerpt 1:

“When I met Sheena, I could totally relate to what she was feeling – the crave and need to have someone constantly love you every single day of your life; the desire to have someone who shows you unconditional love and support and who makes you feel like you are the most precious person on this earth. Gradually, when the initial affection starts fading, you, with the whole of your body and mind, begin to cling to that person. It becomes like an addiction, so much so that even if the drug you were taking starts damaging your whole being, you still crave for it and consider it to be vital for your survival. Knowing that the withdrawal symptoms are much worse and painful, you willingly agree to let go of everything that is in your control – your self-esteem, your pride, your priorities, your desires, your career, your happiness, absolutely anything that can get you the drug back.

So while I could connect to what Sheena felt and counselled her then, the actual first-hand experience happened when I under-went a relationship breakup myself....... I had heard and read a lot about this whole ‘self love’ by then but nothing seemed to have worked at that very moment....

In that state of ache and hurt, I reached a point where I couldn’t bear my own company and I began craving for the drug (love) more...... Those were the toughest days of my life while I struggled to fight the loneliness out of my system. I desired to fill the empty space with someone (anybody for that matter!) every time I reached a point where the loneliness seemed unbearable. This is usually the time when we all give in to the temptation and begin to hop-skip-jump in and out of relationships. The innate urge of filling that gap with anybody takes over and we are even willing to walk around, sleep around with anyone just to fill that empty space within.”

Excerpt 2:

To love yourself is to accept yourself the way you are – fat, thin, dark, fair, tall, short, intelligent, dumb whatever you are, you are your person. To love yourself is to embrace that person in you with all your heart and mind just the way you embrace your lover. The feeling that you feel for them is exactly what needs to be felt by you for your ‘self’. And the moment you begin to feel this inward love, is the moment when you begin to relax and feel at peace in your own company. You stop feeling anxious when you are left alone and you no longer feel dependent on someone else to make you feel good.

End of Excerpts.

The book “21 Ways of Being Happy” is published by Grapevine India (New Delhi) and is available at Crossword stores across various cities, Landmark, Kitabkhana (Mumbai), Title Waves (Mumbai), Sapna Book House (Bangalore), Amazon (http://bit.ly/1upOcUv) and Flipkart (http://goo.gl/tl1ixF).  Buy your doze of happiness from any of the above mentioned places and join and support Shama on her journey of spreading love and happiness!

A favourite quote of Shama is, “You can touch several lives by just being you. You are wonderful and precious just the way you are! When you embrace yourself lovingly and unconditionally, you become a blessing not just for yourself, but also for every single person you come in contact with!”

You can reach Shama at:

Twitter: @Shama_21WOBH

We urge our readers to quickly get hold of Shama’s book and attain a state of happiness.

A word of Thanks to Shama Patel.

Shama, CALIBRE CREATORS thanks you for your precious time spent with us from your busy and hectic schedule and sharing some very highly useful tips about “Being Happy”.

We wish you stupendous success in all your future personal and professional pursuits.  We also pray that you and your book receive international fame and acclaim and the book becomes a Best Seller of all times to come, winning you many awards, accolades and recognition.

We also look forward to many more epics from you in the future and you have our best wishes for the same.




This interview was published in the Calibre Creators LEARNING LETTER issue of June 2015, Vol. 3, Issue No.10.  
 
To  view and download the previous issues, please visit www.calibrecreators.com.
 
Or you can simply send us a mail to sarfaraz.calibrecreators@gmail.com to request your copy and receive the issue regularly. 
 
Get Your Child Assessed for Making the Right Career Choice.  Take the Aptitude Test – go to www.calibrecreators.com
 
Write to Calibre Creators to resolve all your education and career related queries.  Please visit www.calibrecreators.com/contact-usThere are no charges for this service.  Make extensive use of the service.  All queries are responded within 24 hours.